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"Energy for a Sustainable World" was written in the early 1980s by Jose
Goldemberg, Thomas Johansson, Amulya Reddy and Robert Williams (joking
referred to as the "Gang of Four"). The book contributed to the
formulation of a new "energy paradigm" based amongst other things on
energy services (as distinct from energy consumption), renewables,
efficiency improvements (particularly in end-uses), and technological
"leapfrogging" in developing countries. All this is now considered
conventional wisdom. And the more recent concerns about global warming
and greenhouse gases have only strengthened the conclusions of the work
of Goldemberg, Johansson, Reddy and Williams.
Perhaps a good measure of the influence of the work of Goldemberg,
Johansson, Reddy and Williams is that their vision was incorporated in
the influential "Brundtland Report" which lead to UNCED 92 (The United
Nations Conference on Environment and Development) in Rio de Janeiro.
Their thinking has also become the basis of mainstream institutions such
as the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, etc.
The Goldemberg, Johansson, Reddy and Williams team displayed several
unique features:
* each one of the four had an established track record in energy
analysis before they started collaborating,
* they had established careers and did not look to the collaboration as
a career path,
* notwithstanding the collaboration, they continued to work in their
national institutions, and therefore their collaboration did not need an
organizational or institutional umbrella,
* they were committed to need-oriented self-reliant environmentally
sound development, and were therefore intensely concerned about equity,
empowerment and the environment,
* they brought to their work a scientific/technological background of
competence, and they shared a vision of energy as an instrument of
development and global progress of technologies a crucial mechanism for
energy to play this role.
Since then a new generation of energy analysts has emerged both in the
industrialized and developing countries. Many of these analysts were
particularly stimulated by the work of IPCC (The Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change) which facilitated attendance at international
meetings and promoted work on concerns related to the "greenhouse
effect". Unfortunately, these activities have not led to significant
collaborative work between northern and southern energy analysts with an
integration of their disparate perceptions. This is one of the reasons
that some governments tend to view IPCC Reports as representing
primarily the views and interests of the industrialized countries.
The challenge therefore is for a new coalition of young energy analysts.
This coalition must collaborate in replacing the work of Goldemberg,
Johansson, Reddy and Williams. It must also ensure a balanced
integration of the perceptions of the north and south along with
technical competence and social consciousness.
This coalition has not arisen spontaneously. Hence, it is opportune and
appropriate that an effort be made to initiate such a coalition of
northern and southern analysts who have a commitment to
basic-needs-oriented, self-reliant and environmentally sound
development. The collaboration thus induced should clarify, enlarge,
extend or reformulate the "new energy paradigm" and generate new
analysis to substantiate it.
To launch this effort, IEI plans to organize a workshop next fall that
will hopefully produce an enriched version of the new energy paradigm
and induce at least some of the participants to collaborate in its
elaboration. In particular, the workshop envisages two specific outputs:
(1) a detailed statement of the new energy paradigm,
(2) suggestions and volunteers for work that would lead to elaboration
of the new energy paradigm.
Depending on the quality of these outputs IEI will consider their
publication in a special issue of its journal ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT .
IEI plans to issue invitations to energy analysts who
* are interested in this process
* are young,
* have an established track record in energy analysis,
* have established careers and do not look to the collaboration as a
career path,
* will continue to work in their national institutions, and therefore do
not need no organizational or institutional umbrella,
* are committed to basic-needs-oriented self-reliant environmentally
sound development, and are therefore intensely concerned about equity,
empowerment and the environment, and
* view energy as an instrument of development and global progress and
technology as a crucial mechanism for energy to play this role, and
* are technically competent/aware.
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